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Friday, February 28, 2020

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN METALS/NON-METALS

BASIS FOR COMPARISONMETALSNON-METALS
MeaningMetals refers to the natural elements that are hard, shiny, opaque and dense.Non-metals implies those chemical substances that are soft, non-shiny, transparent and brittle.
Examplemetalnon-metal
NatureElectropositiveElectronegative


  • StructureCrystallineAmorphic
    Physical State at room temperatureSolid (except mercury and gallium)Solid or gas (except Bromine)
    DensityHigh densityLow density
    AppearanceLustrousNon-lustrous
    HardnessMost metals are hard, except sodium.Most non-metals are soft, except diamond.
    MalleabilityMalleableNon-malleable
    DuctilityDuctileNon-ductile
    SonorousSonorousNon-sonorous
    ConductionGood conductor of heat and electricityPoor conductor of heat and electricity
    Melting and Boiling pointVery high melting and boiling point.Low melting and boiling point.
    Electrons1 to 3 electrons in the outer shell.4 to 8 electrons in the outer shell.
    OxygenReact with oxygen and form basic oxides.React with oxygen and form acidic oxides.
    AcidReact with acids and produce hydrogen gas.Do not usually react with acids.
Structure

  • Crystalline

    Amorphic

    Physical State at room temperature

    Solid (except mercury and gallium)

    Solid or gas (except Bromine)

    Density

    High density

    Low density

    Appearance

    Lustrous

    Non-lustrous

    Hardness

    Most metals are hard, except sodium.

    Most non-metals are soft, except diamond.

    Malleability

    Malleable

    Non-malleable

    Ductility

    Ductile

    Non-ductile

    Sonorous

    Sonorous

    Non-sonorous

    Conduction

    Good conductor of heat and electricity

    Poor conductor of heat and electricity

    Melting and Boiling point

    Very high melting and boiling point.

    Low melting and boiling point.

    Electrons

    1 to 3 electrons in the outer shell.

    4 to 8 electrons in the outer shell.

    Oxygen

    React with oxygen and form basic oxides.

    React with oxygen and form acidic oxides.

    Acid

    React with acids and produce hydrogen gas.

    Do not usually react with acids.

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